第一展馆 — 开放历程 伟大辉煌    

开放历程 伟大辉煌

确立对外开放基本国策



      1978年12月13日,邓小平在中共中央工作会议闭幕会上所作的题为《解放思想,实事求是,团结一致向前看》的讲话中强调,如果现在再不实行改革,我们的现代化事业和社会主义事业就会被葬送。这个讲话实际上是随后召开的十一届三中全会的主题报告

On December 13th, 1978, Deng Xiaoping stressed in his speech entitled Emancipating Minds, Seeking Truth Facts and Looking Forward in Union at the closing session of the Central Working Conference--without reform, the causes of modernization and socialism will has no way to be realized. The speech in fact became the subject report of the following Third Plenary Session of the l1th CPC Central Committee.


      1978年12月,中共十一届三中全会在北京举行,会议重新确立了解放思想、实事求是的思想路线,作出把党和国家工作中心转移到经济建设上来,实行改革开放的历史性决策。这次全会,实现了党的历史上具有深远意义的伟大转折,开启了改革开放历史新时期。

In December 1978, the 3rd Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) opened in Beijing. The General Assembly re-established the ideological line of emancipating the mind, seeking truth facts, and made the historic decision on shifting the work focus of the Party and the State to the economic modernization program and carrying out the reform and opening-up. This session realized the great transitions with far-reaching significance in the Party’s history, opening the new historical period of the reform and opening-


      改革开放伟大事业,是在以毛泽东同志为核心的党的第一代中央领导集体创立毛泽东思想,带领全党全国各族人民建立新中国、取得社会主义革命和建设伟大成就以及艰辛探索社会主义建设规律取得宝贵经验的基础上进行的。图为1962年毛泽东、周恩来、刘少奇、朱德、陈云、邓小平在扩大的中共中央工作会议上。

The picture shows Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, Zhu De, Chen Yun, Deng Xiaoping at an enlarged meeting of Chinese Communist Party Central Committee in 1962.


      邓小平指出,我们一方面实行开放政策,另一方面仍坚持建国以来毛泽东主席一贯倡导的自力更生为主的方针。必须在自力更生的基础上争取外援,主要依靠自己的艰苦奋斗。图为1974年毛泽东与邓小平在北京。

The picture shows Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping at Beijing in 1974.


      邓小平在中共十一届三中全会上。

The picture shows Deng Xiaoping in the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.



      1979年1月,邓小平在访问美国时提出,把中国社会主义制度的优越性同经济发达国家的先进科学技术和经济管理、人才培养等方面的先进经验结合起来,对于加快实现四个现代化具有重要的意义。图为邓小平和卡特总统在白宫阳台上。

The picture shows Deng Xiaoping and U.S. President Carter standing at the balcony of White House.


      1979年4月,邓小平赞同利用毗邻港澳的有利条件,在深圳、珠海、汕头兴办出口加工区,并说,还是叫特区好!中央没有钱,可以给些政策,你们自己去搞,杀出一条血路来。图为邓小平、陈云和李先念在一起。

The picture shows Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yun and Li Xiannian.


      1979年12月6日,邓小平在北京会见日本首相大平正芳时提出,中国本世纪的目标是实现小康。并说,到那个时候,中国国内市场比较大了,相应的,与国外的经济交往,包括发展贸易,前景就更加宽广了。

On December 6th, 1979, when meeting with Japanese Prime Minister Masayoshi Ohira in Beijing, Deng Xiaoping proposed that China aimed to achieve a well-off society in this century, and that at that time China would have a bigger domestic market, accordingly China’s economic exchanges with foreign ries, including the development of trade, would be greatly expanded and enhanced with the broader prospects.


      1979年7月,中共中央、国务院决定在深圳、珠海、汕头、厦门试办出口特区。1980年5月,改称经济特区。图为建设中的我国第一个经济特区——深圳。

The picture shows the first special economic zone under construction in China---Shenzhen .


      大力发展来料加工、来样加工、来件装配和补偿贸易企业。图为座落在深圳沙河工业区的光明电子厂。

The picture shows the Guangming Electronic Equipment Factory located in Shahe Industry Area of Shenzhen.


      积极引进国际上的先进技术、先进设备。图为从法国、日本等国引进设备的四川维尼纶厂。

The picture shows Sichuan Vinylonfibre mill. The equipments of the company were introduced France and Japan.


        1979年7月1日,五届全国人大二次会议通过了《中华人民共和国中外合资经营企业法》。图为中国第一家合资企业——北京航空食品有限公司的运输车。

The picture shows the transport vehicle in the China’s first joint venture-Beijing Air Catering Co., Ltd.


      有计划地利用外资,作为经济建设的重要补充。图为1979年10月,叶剑英等在北京接见出席中国国际信托投资公司第一届董事会的全体董事。

The picture shows Ye Jianying, etc. met with all directors of the first board of directors of China International Trust and Investment Corporation.


              我国相继恢复在世界银行和国际货币基金组织的席位,国际金融组织开始向我国提供贷款或援助。图为1980年4月15日,邓小平在北京会见世界银行行长罗伯特·麦克纳马拉。

The picture shows Deng Xiaoping met Mr. Robert Strange McNamara, the President of World Bank in April 15th,1980.


      1980年9月,中华人民共和国经济贸易展览会在美国开始举办,这是我国实行对外开放政策以来,在国外以国家名义举办的第一个经济贸易综合性展览会。

In September 1980, the People's Republic of China Economic and Trade Fair was opened in San Francisco, USA, and it was the first comprehensive economic and trade show held at the national level in foreign ries after the implementation of opening-up policy.


      1982年4月10日,邓小平指出,我们要有两手,一手就是坚持对外开放和对内搞活经济的政策,一手就是坚决打击经济犯罪活动。图为在北部湾巡逻的中国边防武警海巡大队。

The picture shows the Coast Guard was patrolling the Northern Gulf.



      1982年9月,中国共产党第十二次全国代表大会在北京举行。邓小平在开幕词中提出,走自己的道路,建设有中国特色的社会主义。大会指出,实行对外开放,按照平等互利的原则扩大对外经济技术交流,是我国坚定不移的战略方针。

In September 1982, the 12th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held in Beijing. Deng Xiaoping pointed out in the opening speech, we should make our own way and construct the socialism with Chinese acteristics. The Congress stated that carrying out reform and opening-up and expanding foreign economic and technological exchanges on the basis of equality and mutual benefit is our unswervingly policy.


      1984年1月24日至2月10日,邓小平先后视察深圳、珠海、厦门3个经济特区。图为邓小平在深圳国商大厦楼顶平台上。

The picture shows Deng Xiaoping on the top of Shenzhen Guoshang Building inspecting Shenzhen.


      邓小平为深圳特区题词。

Deng Xiaoping's inscription reads Shenzhen's development and experience has shown that the policy of establishing special economic zones is correct.


      1984年5月,中共中央、国务院批准进一步开放天津、上海、大连等14个沿海港口城市。图为上海虹桥开发区全景。

The picture shows the Shanghai Hongqiao Development Area.



      1984年9月,国务院批准成立大连经济技术开发区。图为大连经济技术开发区最早投产的北方五三制罐公司生产车间。

The picture shows the workshop of Beifang Wusan Can Company located in Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone


      1984年10月,中共十二届三中全会通过《中共中央关于经济体制改革的决定》指出,十一届三中全会以来,对外开放作为长期的基本国策,在实践中已经取得显著成效。图为十二届三中全会会场。

The picture shows the meeting place of the Third Plenary Session of the Twelfth Central Committee.


      1985年2月,中共中央、国务院决定,在长江三角洲、珠江三角洲和闽南厦漳泉三角地区开辟沿海经济开放区。图为广州黄埔港集装箱码头。

The picture shows the container terminal of Guangzhou Huangpu port.


      利用外国智力,请一些外国人参加中国的经济建设以及各方面的建设。图为美国电声公司的技术员在河南商丘音响厂传授技术。

The picture shows foreign experts working in China.


      出口产品的生产,中心是提高质量。图为上海电视一厂严格检查出口产品质量。

The picture shows exporting products was under strict checking in Shanghai Television No.1 Factory.


      扶持对外工程承包与劳务合作。图为中国技术人员在由中国港湾公司提供技术和劳务合作的马耳他马尔萨什洛港口防波堤工程工地施工。

The picture shows the Chinese technicians doing their work on construction site of Malta Marsaclokk Port Anti-wave Dam Project with the labor and technology support of China Harbour Company Co., Ltd.


      1985年11月28日,第一家中外合资银行——厦门国际银行开业。这是对外开放在金融领域内的一大突破。图为厦门国际银行。

The picture shows Xiamen International Bank.


      1986年3月25日至4月12日,六届全国人大四次会议在北京举行。会议通过了《中华人民共和国外资企业法》。图为代表们举手通过。

The picture shows representatives raising their hands to pass through the Law on Foreign-Funded Enterprises.


      1986年5月18日,陈云视察我国首个特大型引进项目上海宝山钢铁总厂。

The picture shows Chen Yun was talking about the construction of Baoshan Iron and Steel company in Shanghai on May 18th, 1986.


      1987年6月12日,邓小平会见南斯拉夫共产主义联盟中央主席团委员科罗舍茨时指出,开放是对世界所有国家的开放,对各种类型的国家开放。

In June 12th, 1987, Deng Xiaoping pointed out that China would open up to all ries of the world, and to all kinds of ries when meeting with Korosec, the member of the Presidium of Yugoslavia communist league.


      平等互利,讲求实效,形式多样,共同发展是新时期对外援助工作的基本原则。图为我国援助非洲最大的在建项目——位于毛里塔尼亚西海岸的努瓦克肖特友谊港。

The picture shows the largest China-aided project in Africa--Nouakchott Friendship Port located in the Mauritania West Coast, the project is being built no


      1987年10月25日至11月1日,中国共产党第十三次全国代表大会在北京举行。大会阐明社会主义初级阶段理论,提出初级阶段党的基本路线,确定现代化建设“三步走”战略目标。提出扩大对外开放的广度和深度,不断发展对外经济技术交流与合作。

October 25th to November 1st, 1987, the 13th national congress of China Communist Party was held in Beijing, The General Assembly illustrated the theory on the initial stage of socialism, put forward the party's basic line in the stage, determined the three-step strategy of modernization, proposed the further opening-up in breadth and depth, and steadily developed foreign economic and technical exchanges and cooperation.



      邓小平出席党的十三大。

The picture shows Deng Xiaoping attending the 13th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.


      这是1988年1月23日邓小平在一份关于加快沿海地区对外开放和经济发展报告上的批示.

The picture shows Deng Xiaoping's instructions.


      1988年3月18日,国务院召开沿海地区对外开放工作会议,部署实施沿海地区“两头在外”的外向型经济发展战略,并决定新划入沿海开放区140个市、县。图为新划入开放区的杭州。

The picture shows Hangzhou city.



      1988年4月,七届全国人大一次会议通过决议,批准设立海南省,海南岛为海南经济特区。图为海南省海口市。

The picture shows Haikou City, Hainan Province.


      1988年2月,国务院发布《关于加快和深化对外贸易体制改革若干问题的规定》,全面推行外贸承包经营责任制。图为外贸商品在港口装船。

The picture shows the exported goods was under shipment in port.


      1989年6月9日,邓小平接见首都戒严部队军以上干部时指出,过去十年,我们的一些基本提法,从发展战略到方针政策,包括改革开放,都是对的。要说不够,就是改革开放得还不够。重要的是,切不要把中国搞成一个关闭性的国家。

On June 9, 1989, Deng Xiaoping met with the cadres of Capital martial forces at the army levels and above and pointed out that, In the past 10 years, some of our basic viewpoint, the development strategy to the policy, including reform and opening-up, are right, If something is not done well, it is that reform and opening-up is not done well. That is important, not to make China turn into a closed ry.


      1992年初,邓小平视察武昌、深圳、珠海、上海等地,发表谈话,提出不坚持社会主义,不改革开放,不发展经济,不改善人民生活,只能是死路一条。基本路线要管一百年,动摇不得。图为邓小平视察深圳国贸大厦。

The picture shows Deng Xiaoping visited Shenzhen International Trade Building.